Behind a bright smile, there might be a health concern that does not receive nearly enough attention in public health discussions. That’s why, every April, healthcare organizations across the country observe Oral Cancer Awareness Month, a crucial period dedicated to educating the audience about the risks, symptoms, and prevention strategies surrounding oral cancer. This month, supported by organizations like the Oral Cancer Foundation, emphasizes the critical importance of early detection and public awareness.

Despite advances in medical technology, oral cancer is often discovered in its late stages, which significantly reduces the chances of successful treatment. By learning about the warning signs and taking more preventive measures, we can help reduce the number of cases and save lives.

What is Oral Cancer?

It is a type of cancer that develops in the tissues of the mouth or throat, also known as the oral cavity and oropharynx. This disease occurs when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably and form tumors, affecting areas such as:

1
The surface of the tongue
2
The tonsils
3
The back of the throat (pharynx)
4
The lips
5
The gums
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The inner lining of the cheeks
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The roof of the mouth (palate)

Cancer in the mouth can become aggressive if not detected early. Unfortunately, many people do not realize the seriousness of this condition until it is too late.

Oral Cancer by the Numbers

According to the American Cancer Society:

An estimated 56,320 new cases of oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer shall be diagnosed in the U.S. this year.
Approximately 12,000 deaths will result from this disease.
That equates to one person dying every hour due to complications from oral or pharyngeal cancer.

While oral cancer is curable in its early stages, only 60% of people diagnosed with oral or upper throat cancer survive beyond five years. Even for survivors, the journey can be difficult. Many experience long-term challenges, including difficulty speaking or eating, and some face severe facial disfigurement as a result of treatment.

Symptoms of Oral Cancer

Recognizing early the symptoms of oral cancer can be life-saving. Here are some common warning signs to watch for:

A persistent sore throat that does not go away
Lumps on the outside of the neck or in the mouth
Difficulty swallowing or a feeling of something stuck in the throat
A lingering cough
Unexplained earaches or pain in one ear
Mouth sores that do not heal
Changes in your voice or hoarseness
Unusual bleeding or numbness in the mouth

If any of these symptoms of oral cancer persist for more than two weeks, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional.

Major Risk Factors for Oral Cancer

Tobacco and Alcohol Use

Most people know that smoking is a leading cause of lung cancer, but few realize that it is also a significant risk factor for cancer in the mouth and throat. This includes all forms of tobacco: cigarettes, cigars, pipes, chewing tobacco, and snuff. Excessive alcohol consumption also increases your risk, especially when combined with tobacco use.

Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

Another significant contributor to oral and oropharyngeal cancers is HPV, a common sexually transmitted infection. While many HPV infections resolve on their own, in some patients with weakened immune systems, the virus can lead to cancer development in the throat.

HPV is extremely common, with 42 million Americans currently infected and 13 million teens becoming newly infected each year. For this reason, raising awareness about HPV and promoting vaccination is a crucial aspect of Oral Cancer Action Month.

Sun Exposure

Chronic exposure to sunlight, especially without lip protection, increases the risk of lip cancer, another form of oral cancer.

Age and Gender

Oral cancer is more common in men over the age of 50, but cases are increasing in younger populations due to the rising prevalence of HPV.

The Importance of Early Detection

Early diagnosis can make all the difference. The earlier oral cancer is found, the better the chance of successful treatment and survival. Routine dental check-ups are crucial to spot suspicious lesions or lumps before they become more serious.

Dentists can often be the first healthcare providers to notice signs of oral cancer, making dental visits not just about teeth but saving lives. This is why screenings should be a routine part of every dental exam, especially for those with risk factors.

Oral Cancer Treatment and Challenges

Depending on the stage and location, oral cancer treatment may include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. While early-stage cancer can sometimes be treated with surgery alone, advanced stages often require a combination of treatments that can lead to significant physical and emotional side effects.

During the end stages of oral cancer, patients may suffer from:

Severe pain
Inability to eat or swallow
Significant weight loss
Difficulty breathing
Social isolation due to facial changes

Hospice care can be fundamental to providing comfort and support during this time.

How You Can Help During Oral Cancer Awareness Month

Spreading the word could save lives. The purpose of Oral Cancer Awareness Month is not only to inform the public but to encourage action. Here’s what you can do:

Encourage loved ones to get regular dental screenings
Share educational materials about symptoms of oral cancer on social media
Promote HPV vaccination as a preventive measure
Advocate for tobacco cessation programs in your community
Talk to your close teens about the risks associated with HPV and safe practices

At Ascend Hospice Care, awareness is the first step toward prevention. We urge our community to pay attention to their oral health during April and year-round. Remember, oral cancer is curable when detected early, and you have the power to make a difference.

Take a stand this April. Support Oral Cancer Action Month. Spread awareness. Get screened. Save lives.

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